Fact Sheet

Please click here to download(PDF)

發聲障礙

Version: August 2008
聲音上的轉變多數是聲帶產生病變所致,缺乏適當治療會引致聲音沙啞或其它更嚴重問題。
 
喉嚨發炎
喉炎是指聲帶腫脹發炎,最常見的是上呼吸道過濾性病毒感染而引起的。由於聲帶腫脹,影響聲帶的正常振動,致令聲音沙啞。最佳治療方法是暫停或減少說話,以及多喝開水滋潤喉部。由於喉炎多為過濾性病毒感染引致,用抗生素不是有效的治療方法。喉炎期間聲帶腫脹,小心用聲尤其重要。錯誤用聲會大大增加聲帶受嚴重傷害的風險,繼而形成小結、息肉及囊腫等毛病。
 
聲帶病變
良性聲帶病變的原因在於錯誤或過份用聲以致聲帶受損害。這些病變影響聲帶的正常振動,引致聲音沙啞,長期的話音轉變,包括聲線粗糙,需要用力說話。最常見的聲帶病變包括聲帶小結,俗稱起繭,多長於聲帶兩側相對位置。一般可藉著休息及言語治療,以改善發音技巧,漸而痊癒。其餘常見的病變包括聲帶息肉及囊腫,也是由聲帶勞損而引起,若未能靠休息及言語治療改善的話,便需進行手術切除。
 
「咽喉胃液反流」及「胃食道反流」
帶酸性的胃內物反流到食道『胃食道反流』及咽喉『咽喉胃液反流』會產生許多不同的症狀。『咽喉胃液反流』的主要症狀包括長期或間歇性聲音沙啞、喉部感到有異物或長期喉嚨疼痛,當中近半數有『咽喉胃液反流』的病人都沒有『胃食道反流』的典型症狀,即胸口灼熱等,因此較難診斷。

胃液可在任何時間從胃部中倒流到喉嚨 ; 而晚間倒流就被認為是最難確診。患者一般沒有特定的症狀。他們睡醒時會覺得喉部剌痛不適及聲音沙啞,所以他們必須向耳鼻喉科專科醫生求診,藉著檢查,以確定胃液反流及胃液對咽喉所造成的影響。
 
不良發聲習慣
不良發聲方法是指經常刻意壓低或抬高聲線,會引致聲音沙啞或其他話音問題。常見的例子包括年輕女性在工作時間刻意或不覺地壓低聲線說話、大叫或過份側重每個字語的第一個音調,都會損害聲帶,會令與聲帶相連的喉部肌肉疲勞。

其他導致不良發聲方法的原因包括說話時運氣錯誤或說話時用頸肩肌肉呼吸而不是用腹腔呼吸。錯誤運氣會令喉頸部肌肉繃緊,引致聲音沙啞,說話時喉嚨疼痛或疲累。不正確的說話姿勢也是導致不良發聲方法之一,例如電話傾談時頸部側向一邊 ; 錯誤姿勢增加喉頸部肌肉的勞損,長遠引致聲音問題。
 
聲帶癱瘓
聲音沙啞可由供應聲帶的「喉反神經線」受損所造成,這稱為聲帶癱瘓,可影響單側或雙側的聲帶。雙側聲帶癱瘓患者是由於聲門長期閉合,出現呼吸嘈吵,連氣不足以致呼吸和說話有困難。單側聲帶癱瘓成因包括過濾性病毒感染、頭頸手術併發症或其他不明原因。

由於聲門閉合有問題,聲帶癱瘓的大部分患者會說話「漏氣」。大部份單側聲帶癱瘓會在數個月內自動痊癒,而未能痊癒的可能需要接受手術治療。手術藉著改動癱瘓聲帶的位置去改善癱瘓一邊的振動,以配合正常的另一邊。現在有不同的手術方法去改動聲帶的位置。言語治療可作術後輔助性質的治療,也可作為唯一用上的治療。取用哪一種治療的方法,視乎聲帶癱瘓的性質,及病人的需要。
 
喉癌
喉癌是一個非常嚴重的疾病,需要立刻的處理。當癌侵蝕聲帶時,聲音會改變,變得沙啞和粗糙。這些症狀會在喉癌的初期發生。因此,及早留意到聲音的變化,有助診 斷出早期的喉癌,提升治療的機會。

聲沙及發聲變化如持續二至四星期,必須及早向耳鼻喉專科求診,以確定是否與喉癌有關。治療方法包括手術放射性治療及化療。早期的喉癌病人只須接受手術治療或放 射性治療,而存活率亦十分高,達百份之九十。

多數聲音沙啞是由聲帶產生病變所致。如聲音持續轉變,就必須及早向耳鼻喉科專科 醫生求診。
 
Original paper can be linked to the website of AAOH&NS

 

2023 June
    123
45678910
11121314151617
18192021

14th Congress of the European Laryngological Society

Overseas
Dear Madam/Sir,

Let me to kindly contact you on behalf of European Laryngological Society. We are organizing traditional event the 14th Congress of the European Laryngological Society (https://www.els2023.org/), which is being held in June 21–23, 2023 in one of the largest conference facilities in Europe, the Milan Convention Centre (MiCo), Milan, Italy.

Following the highly successful 12th Congress of the European Laryngological Society in London and 13th Congress of the European Laryngological Society in virtual form, the European Laryngological Society is preparing another important meeting for experts from the laryngology field. With a special focus on Laryngeal Cancer and New Technologies, the meeting will also gather experts in Phonosurgery, Neurolaryngology, Airway, Pediatrics, Phoniatrics, and Basic Sciences.

We would be really glad if you could think about the possibility of promoting the conference. We think that it is a wonderful opportunity for both parties to spread the awareness about our activities.
We believe that the right collaboration is the best way to find new specialists interested in those topics and together we could find a better way to spread all the remarkable information to them.


Therefore I would like to ask you to consider the following options for cooperation:
  • publish our event on your website and conversely (our banner is attached)
  • promote this event with using of our banner in your association newsletter
  • re-send our conference newsletters to your member´s database or partially have a space in your regularly newsletters
  • connect yours and ours social media
Secondly, I would like to ask you for the possibility of cooperation during your upcoming national events-if there are any – could we send you the ELS 2023 promotional flyers to be distributed to participants in conference bags or any other way?

We are very much looking forward to hearing from you and hope for our cooperation!
Sincerely yours,
ANETA BASAŘOVÁ | Executive Coordinator | M.: +420 736 251 903

GUARANT International spol. s r.o.
Českomoravská 19, 190 00 Praha 9, Czech Republic | Tel.: +420 284 001 465
E-mail: basarova@guarant.cz | www.guarant.cz

22

14th Congress of the European Laryngological Society

Overseas
Dear Madam/Sir,

Let me to kindly contact you on behalf of European Laryngological Society. We are organizing traditional event the 14th Congress of the European Laryngological Society (https://www.els2023.org/), which is being held in June 21–23, 2023 in one of the largest conference facilities in Europe, the Milan Convention Centre (MiCo), Milan, Italy.

Following the highly successful 12th Congress of the European Laryngological Society in London and 13th Congress of the European Laryngological Society in virtual form, the European Laryngological Society is preparing another important meeting for experts from the laryngology field. With a special focus on Laryngeal Cancer and New Technologies, the meeting will also gather experts in Phonosurgery, Neurolaryngology, Airway, Pediatrics, Phoniatrics, and Basic Sciences.

We would be really glad if you could think about the possibility of promoting the conference. We think that it is a wonderful opportunity for both parties to spread the awareness about our activities.
We believe that the right collaboration is the best way to find new specialists interested in those topics and together we could find a better way to spread all the remarkable information to them.


Therefore I would like to ask you to consider the following options for cooperation:
  • publish our event on your website and conversely (our banner is attached)
  • promote this event with using of our banner in your association newsletter
  • re-send our conference newsletters to your member´s database or partially have a space in your regularly newsletters
  • connect yours and ours social media
Secondly, I would like to ask you for the possibility of cooperation during your upcoming national events-if there are any – could we send you the ELS 2023 promotional flyers to be distributed to participants in conference bags or any other way?

We are very much looking forward to hearing from you and hope for our cooperation!
Sincerely yours,
ANETA BASAŘOVÁ | Executive Coordinator | M.: +420 736 251 903

GUARANT International spol. s r.o.
Českomoravská 19, 190 00 Praha 9, Czech Republic | Tel.: +420 284 001 465
E-mail: basarova@guarant.cz | www.guarant.cz

23

14th Congress of the European Laryngological Society

Overseas
Dear Madam/Sir,

Let me to kindly contact you on behalf of European Laryngological Society. We are organizing traditional event the 14th Congress of the European Laryngological Society (https://www.els2023.org/), which is being held in June 21–23, 2023 in one of the largest conference facilities in Europe, the Milan Convention Centre (MiCo), Milan, Italy.

Following the highly successful 12th Congress of the European Laryngological Society in London and 13th Congress of the European Laryngological Society in virtual form, the European Laryngological Society is preparing another important meeting for experts from the laryngology field. With a special focus on Laryngeal Cancer and New Technologies, the meeting will also gather experts in Phonosurgery, Neurolaryngology, Airway, Pediatrics, Phoniatrics, and Basic Sciences.

We would be really glad if you could think about the possibility of promoting the conference. We think that it is a wonderful opportunity for both parties to spread the awareness about our activities.
We believe that the right collaboration is the best way to find new specialists interested in those topics and together we could find a better way to spread all the remarkable information to them.


Therefore I would like to ask you to consider the following options for cooperation:
  • publish our event on your website and conversely (our banner is attached)
  • promote this event with using of our banner in your association newsletter
  • re-send our conference newsletters to your member´s database or partially have a space in your regularly newsletters
  • connect yours and ours social media
Secondly, I would like to ask you for the possibility of cooperation during your upcoming national events-if there are any – could we send you the ELS 2023 promotional flyers to be distributed to participants in conference bags or any other way?

We are very much looking forward to hearing from you and hope for our cooperation!
Sincerely yours,
ANETA BASAŘOVÁ | Executive Coordinator | M.: +420 736 251 903

GUARANT International spol. s r.o.
Českomoravská 19, 190 00 Praha 9, Czech Republic | Tel.: +420 284 001 465
E-mail: basarova@guarant.cz | www.guarant.cz

24
252627282930 
Download User Instructional Manual for Accessing On-line Materials